The main causes of accidents on roads are:

1. Blockage pedestrain path by shopkeepers and venders.

2. Limited gap.
3. Exceeding speed limit
4. Rough road conditions, defective street lights, weak signals.
5. Wrong parking on the roads.
6. Negligence/inattention of people.
7. Almost in all the areas of Srinagar it is witnessed that shopkeepers and vendors have encroached the footpaths and have taken the space in front of their shops to display goods which obstruct the movement of pedestrians. Foot paths are separated from main road on both sides for the people to walk on foot.They (shopkeepers) force the people to walk on main roads instead on the footpath designed for people. It means footpaths are not meant for people as these are used for special commercial purposes after being encroached upon by shopkeepers, fruit sellers, vegetable sellers and Raidi wallas etc.
   Shopkeepers erect platforms and stair cases in front of their shops to step inside the shop, some have set up stalls on the footpaths, there by hindering the movement of pedestrians.
   No space is left on the footpaths for pedestrians, which eventually forces the people to get down from the footpaths to avoid bumping into street venders. Shopkeepers think that the footpaths which are meant for pedestrians standing parallel to their shops are their personal property. The shopkeepers and vendors choke the movement of traffic and affecting the overall traffic and crowd managing in Srinagar city.
   Shopkeepers ruins the market appearance and makes the life of pedestrians miserable and hell.
   Maximum number of shopkeepers illegally expand the space of their shops to display more varieties of goods for customers.
   Shopkeepers are requested not to grab the space of footpaths for their personal uses, they should avoid establishing stair cases in front of their shops, don’t try to stand sign boards, hanging rods on the spaces of footpath.
   SMC and concern areas police stations may take joint action to eradicate the hindrances created by the shopkeepers and vendors and issue strong warning for not to keep goods outside their shops and keep close vigilance on the job. It is actually the job of SMC, but they do not act seriously against encroaches. Police party removes the vendors, but as soon they disappear, the vendors re-occupy the footpaths.
8. Exceeding allowed speed limit is the cause of accidents, most of the fatal accidents occur due to over speeding. It is natural psyche of humans to excel. Increase in speed multiplies the risk of accidents and severity of injury during accident. Faster vehicles are more prove to accident than the slower one. A high speed vehicle needs greater distance to stop, i,e breaking distance. A slow vehicle comes to halt immediately while faster one takes long way to stop. Vehicle moving on high speed will have greater impact during crash and hence will cause more injuries. High speed make a crash more quickly because it takes longer to stop or slow down. They also make collisions more deadly because crash energy increases exponentially as speeds go up. Raising speed limits leads to more deaths. It has greater potential for loss of vehicle control, reduces effectiveness of occupant protection equipment, increased stooping distance after the driver perceives a danger. It also increases degree of crash severity leading to more severe injuries.
   The probability that pedestrians will be killed if hit by a motor vehicle increases dramatically with speed. 5% increase in average speed leads to approximately a 20% increase in fatal crashes.
   Overall driving speeds also have a direct impact on the risk of the driver and other people in vehicle, as well as on noise and pollutant emissions. Speed has direct influence on crash occurrence and severity with higher driving speeds the number of crashes and crash severity.
   Reduce the speed on roads as well as speed differences between vehicles. The effect of speed both in positive and negative manner make speed a primary target for policy action. Speed directly effect the mobility of persons and goods travelling from one location to another. Speed limit set for all must consider the forces the human body can tolerate and survive.
   To reduce road trauma government need to take actions against the fast driving that will reduce the speed on roads as well as speed difference between vehicles sharing the same road.
9. Limited gap between plying vehicles may also cause accidents. The most unfortunate thing is that we don’t learn from our mistakes on roads. Most of the road users are quite well aware of the general rules and safety measures while using roads but is only laxity on part of road users which cause accidents and crashes. Main cause of accidents and crashes are due to human errors, drivers at the same speed in traffic, crowd around yours without going over the speed limit. Whenever you follow another vehicle you need enough space to stop safely if the other vehicle brakes suddenly. A safe following distance is at least two seconds behind the vehicle in front, so keep sufficient space between the two vehicles.
10. Rough road conditions, and poor road maintenance is one of the cause of the fatal auto accidents. It can create an enormous hazard the driver in many instance a driver may attempt to avoid a certain situation like pothole or pooling water which could cause serious accident. Severe accidents can occur when black top or asphalt are missing in large chunks from the road. Uneven road surfaces broken concrete, exposed rebar sinkholes and road cracks may cause usually accidents on the roads.
    Patholes as one of the most common cause of road accident and can damage car even if you are not in a crash. It could cause a tire blowout, vehicle roller. Inadequate and delayed maintenance of roads leads to road accident.
11. Wrong parking on road side as well as illegal parking leads to accidents. People do not believe in sensible driving and parking. There is ample parking (space) but still people prefer to park their vehicles on side of roads most of the times, in the unauthorized parking slots or on the main roads. The sense of the people never changes, wherever they need to park the vehicle they do the job without thinking that the other vehicles are being plying on the road, with the result there is apprehension of accidents on the road sides.
12. People in general find a safe way for their movement, but some times due to heavy traffic load, they find a suitable place for a moment. They do not follow traffic safety rules on the road. While walking section of people are worried due to household reason, with the result their attention diverts which causes accident. Not only this people cross the roads without knowing the fast vehicle movement. People do not know what safety signs of road represents and put some other thing more important than their safety on the road.
    There are so many other causes of accidents on road sides like jumping over red lights, using mobile phones while driving, failure of brakes, steering, tyre burst, broken traffic lights, insufficient head lights, overloading, taking alcohol (or drugs) while driving.
    Roadway signs are what driver use to understand where they are, where they need to go and what possible hazards to look out for. Use of seat belts for four wheels is now mandatory and not wearing a seat belt invites penalty and same in the case of helmets for two wheedlers. These are all safe measures for protecting body.